Publications by Year (2022)

High-Intensity Versus Standard Thromboprophylaxis Among Adults Hospitalized with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Post Date: 
2022-07-22
   |   
Countries: 
United States
Publication: 
Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis
Background and Objectives Current clinical guidelines recommend thromboprophylaxis for adults hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), yet it is unknown whether higher doses of thromboprophylaxis offer benefits beyond standard doses. Methods We studied electronic health records from...

Comparative immune responses to M. tuberculosis in individuals with latent infection or sterile protection against infection

Post Date: 
2022-07-13
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
bioRxiv
Summary To identify immunologic targets for tuberculosis vaccines more efficacious than BCG, we investigated the immune responses that differentiate individuals with sterile protection against M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection (TB-resisters) from those who develop latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI-...

Smokeless tobacco use and oral potentially malignant disorders among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Pune, India: Implications for oral cancer screening in PLHIV

Post Date: 
2022-07-13
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
PLOS ONE
Introduction In India, smokeless tobacco (SLT) is a predominant form of tobacco used among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Despite SLT being a risk factor for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), no prior studies have quantified the association of OPMDs with SLT use among PLHIV. This...

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on inpatient clinical outcome

Post Date: 
2022-07-11
   |   
Countries: 
United States
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background Prior observation has shown differences in COVID-19 hospitalization risk between SARS-CoV-2 variants, but limited information describes hospitalization outcomes. Methods Inpatients with COVID-19 at 5 hospitals in the eastern United States were included if they had hypoxia, tachypnea,...

Isoniazid adherence improves survival and incident tuberculosis at 96 weeks among adults initiating antiretroviral therapy with advanced HIV in multiple high burden settings

Post Date: 
2022-07-03
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Background People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and advanced immunosuppression initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) remain vulnerable to tuberculosis (TB) and early mortality. To improve early survival, isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) or empiric TB treatment have been evaluated;...

Inflammatory profile associated with insulin resistance in non-overweight versus overweight people living with HIV in Pune, Western India

Post Date: 
2022-07-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
Background: People living with HIV have greater diabetes (T2DM) than the general population despite lower prevalence of overweight/obesity. Both insulin resistance (IR), a T2DM precursor, and HIV are independently associated with chronic inflammation. Inflammation may be a pathophysiological link...

Prevalence of neurotoxicity symptoms among postpartum women on Isoniazid Preventive Therapy and Efavirenz-based treatment for HIV—An exploratory objective of the IMPAACT P1078 randomized trial

Post Date: 
2022-06-21
   |   
Countries: 
Botswana
Haiti
India
South Africa
Tanzania
Thailand
Uganda
Zimbabwe
Publication: 
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Background This exploratory analysis investigates the prevalence and risk factors of neurocognitive toxicity in postpartum women on HIV treatment in response to a concern of an Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT)/Efavirenz interaction. Trial Design Pregnant women on HIV treatment from countries with...

Diagnostic biomarkers for active tuberculosis: Progress and challenges

Post Date: 
2022-06-20
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
EMBO Molecular Medicine
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality from a single infectious agent, despite being preventable and curable. Early and accurate diagnosis of active TB is critical to both enhance patient care, improve patient outcomes, and break Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)...

Assessing tuberculosis risk in pregnant women from the PRACHITi study using transcriptomics

Post Date: 
2022-06-10
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
A new tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic cartridge assay, which detects a 3-gene TB signature in whole blood, was not diagnostic in women with maternal TB disease in India (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.72). In a cohort of pregnant women, we identified a novel gene set for TB diagnosis (AUC = 0.97) and...

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of 3 Months of Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for Tuberculosis Prevention in Pregnant Women

Post Date: 
2022-06-01
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background Pregnancy increases the risk of tuberculosis and its complications. A 3-month regimen of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) is safe and effective for tuberculosis prevention in adults and children, including those with HIV, but 3HP has not been evaluated in pregnancy. Methods IMPAACT...

A Novel Computer-Based Virtual Counselor-Delivered Alcohol Reduction Intervention : Acceptability, Adaptability and Feasibility among Adults with HIV or TB in Indian Clinical Settings

Post Date: 
2022-05-27
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
JMIR Formative Research
Background: Unhealthy alcohol use is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among persons with HIV and tuberculosis (TB). Computer-based interventions (CBIs) can reduce unhealthy alcohol use, are scalable, and may improve outcomes among patients with HIV or TB. Objective: We assessed the...

Clinical and Immunological Markers of Pulmonary Impairment among People with HIV(PWH) in India

Post Date: 
2022-05-12
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Background Despite anti-retroviral therapy, chronic lung diseases remain an important source of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV (PWH). We sought to identify clinical and immunological markers of pulmonary impairment among PWH in India. Methods 210 adult PWH receiving antiretroviral...

Clinical and Immunological Markers of Pulmonary Impairment among People Living with HIV in India

Post Date: 
2022-05-11
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Background Despite antiretroviral therapy, chronic lung diseases remain an important source of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV (PWH). We sought to identify clinical and immunological markers of pulmonary impairment among PWH in India. Methods Two hundred ten adult PWH receiving...

Participant Perspectives and Experiences Following an Intensively Monitored Antiretroviral Pause in the United States: Results from the AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5345 Biomarker Study

Post Date: 
2022-05-03
Publication: 
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
The AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5345 study (NCT03001128) included an intensively monitored antiretroviral pause (IMAP), during which participants living with HIV temporarily stopped antiretroviral treatment (ART) in an effort to identify biomarkers that could predict HIV rebound. We evaluated...

Regional Differences in Risk of Recurrent Falls Among Older U.S. Women and Men with HIV in the HIV Infection, Aging, and Immune Function Long-Term Observational Study

Post Date: 
2022-05-03
   |   
Countries: 
United States
Publication: 
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
Geographic location was a strong predictor of falls among women with and without HIV in the Women's Interagency HIV Study. We examined regional variation in falls in a more geographically diverse cohort of older people with HIV (PWH) and explored whether physical activity, sex, or body–mass...

A randomized clinical trial of HPV test-and-treat as compared to cytology-based screening for prevention of cervical cancer among women living with HIV: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol A5282

Post Date: 
2022-05-03
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background Cytology-based cervical cancer screening followed by confirmation and treatment of biopsy-proven high-grade squamous intraepithelial (bHSIL), is difficult to implement in resource-constrained settings. We hypothesized that high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing followed by...

High prevalence of TB infection and disease in child household contacts of adults with rifampin-resistant tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2022-05-01
Publication: 
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
Background: Household contact (HHC) investigation is an important strategy to identify individuals with tuberculosis (TB) exposure, infection and disease, including those who may benefit from tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT). Data in children exposed to rifampin-resistant TB are limited...

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in an African Intensive Care Unit Setting. A prospective study of prevalence and outcomes

Post Date: 
2022-04-19
Publication: 
Annals of American Thoracic Society
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening form of respiratory failure accounting for at least 10% of global intensive care unit (ICU) admissions (1–5). The Berlin definition for diagnosing ARDS is expensive for most resource-constrained settings to apply (6–8). There are...

Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis among Indian children

Post Date: 
2022-04-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberulosis and Lung Disease
OBJECTIVE: To assess Xpert® MTB/RIF (Xpert) and Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) performance in diagnosing pediatric tuberculous meningitis (TBM). METHODS: We conducted a study among children with suspected meningoencephalitis in Pune, India. Clinical, radiological, laboratory, and treatment data were...

Heightened microbial translocation is a prognostic biomarker of recurrent tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2022-03-30
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background Microbial translocation is a known characteristic of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Whether microbial translocation is also a biomarker of recurrence in PTB is not known. Methods We examined the presence of microbial translocation in a cohort of newly diagnosed, sputum smear, and culture...

Pages